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Description: Considered by many to be the most comprehensive, up-to-date, and well-written reference available on masonry. Internationally recognized as the premier university textbook on masonry materials and masonry design, it is also an excellent reference for practicing professionals. This 3rd edition covers design methodology, new codes and standards, material properties, prestressed masonry, and evaluation and retrofit of existing masonry.
Contents
1 Ancient Masonry
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History of Masonry Materials
1.2.1 Stone
1.2.2 Clay Units
1.2.3 Calcium Silicate Units
1.2.4 Concrete Masonry Units
1.2.5 Mortars
1.3 Early Building Elements
1.3.1 Building Up
1.3.2 Spanning Across
1.3.3 Enclosing Space
1.4 Development of Building Structure
1.4.1 Posts and Lintels
1.4.2 Vaults and Domes
1.4.3 Gothic
1.4.4 Single-Story Loadbearing Buildings
1.4.5 Multistory Loadbearing Buildings
1.5 Performance of Existing Structures
1.6 Restoration and Retrofit of Heritage Structures
1.7 Closure
1.8 References
1.9 Problems
2 Contemporary Masonry
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Masonry Elements
2.2.1 Walls
2.2.2 Columns and Pilasters
2.2.3 Beams and Lintels
2.3 Masonry Building Systems
2.3.1 Single-Story Loadbearing Buildings
2.3.2 Multistory Loadbearing Buildings
2.3.3 Hybrid Buildings
2.4 Types of Masonry Construction
2.4.1 Unreinforced Masonry
2.4.2 Reinforced Masonry
2.4.3 Prestressed Masonry
2.5 Structural Design
2.5.1 Analysis and Design Methods
2.5.2 Research, Codes, and Standards
2.5.3 Sources of Information
2.6 Closure
2.7 References
2.8 Problems
3 Building Design
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Structural Requirements
3.2.1 Design Criteria
3.2.2 Loads
3.3 Environmental Requirements
3.3.1 Temperature Control
3.3.2 Sound Control
3.3.3 Moisture Control
3.3.4 Fire Control
3.4 Aesthetics
3.5 Integration of Requirements
3.6 Planning the Building
3.6.1 Building Form
3.6.2 Elevation
3.6.3 Plan
3.6.4 Wall Configuration and Layout
3.6.5 Floors and Roofs
3.6.6 Connections
3.6.7 Movement Joints and Joints Between Adjoining Elements
3.6.8 Foundations
3.7 Economic Aspects
3.8 Closure
3.9 References
3.10 Problems
4 Masonry materials
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Common Properties of Masonry Units
4.2.1 Description of Masonry Units
4.2.2 Properties of Masonry Units
4.3 Clay Masonry Units
4.3.1 Manufacture
4.3.2 Grades
4.3.3 Sizes and Shapes
4.3.4 Compressive Strength
4.3.5 Tensile Strength
4.3.6 Absorption Properties
4.3.7 Durability
4.3.8 Thermal Movement
4.3.9 Moisture Expansion
4.3.10 Creep
4.3.11 Freezing Expansion
4.4 Concrete Masonry Units
4.4.1 Manufacture
4.4.2 Grades, Types, and Density
4.4.3 Sizes and Shapes
4.4.4 Compressive Strength
4.4.5 Tensile Strength
4.4.6 Absorption
4.4.7 Durability
4.4.8 Thermal Movement
4.4.9 Shrinkage
4.4.10 Creep
4.5 Calcium Silicate Units
4.5.1 Manufacture
4.5.2 Grades and Durability
4.5.3 Sizes and Shapes
4.5.4 Compressive and Tensile Strengths
4.5.5 Absorption
4.5.6 Thermal Movement, Shrinkage, and Creep
4.6 Building Stone
4.6.1 Groups
4.6.2 Sizes, Shapes and Finishes
4.6.3 Physical Requirements
4.6.4 Durability
4.6.5 Thermal Movement
4.7 Glass Block
4.8 Special Nonconventional Masonry Units
4.9 Mortar
4.9.1 Functions of Mortar
4.9.2 Mortar Types
4.9.3 Plastic Mortar Properties
4.9.4 Properties of Hardened Mortar
4.9.5 Mortar Aggregates
4.9.6 Admixtures and Colors
4.10 Grout
4.10.1 Workability Requirements
4.10.2 Types
4.10.3 Admixtures
4.10.4 Compressive Strength
4.11 Reinforcement
4.11.1 Reinforcing Bars
4.11.2 Joint Reinforcement
4.11.3 Connectors
4.11.4 Prestressing Steels
4.11.5 Corrosion Protection
4.12 Associated Materials
4.12.1 Movement Joint Filler Material
4.12.2 Dampproofing
4.12.3 Parging
4.12.4 Flashings and Weep Holes
4.12.5 Air Barriers and Vapor Barriers
4.12.6 Coatings
4.12.7 Insulation
4.13 Closure
4.14 References
4.15 Problems
5 Masonry Assemblages
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Axial Compression
5.2.1 Introduction
5.2.2 Standard Prism Tests
5.2.3 General Failure Mechanisms
5.2.4 Factors Affecting Prism Strength
5.2.5 Stress-strain Relationships
5.2.6 Relationship Between Wall Strength and Prism Strength
5.2.7 Compressive Strength for Loading Parallel to the Bed Joint
5.3 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure
5.3.1 Introduction
5.3.2 Prism Tests
5.3.3 General Failure Mechanisms
5.3.4 Factors Affecting the Influence of Strain Gradient
5.3.5 Compression Stress-strain Relationship
5.4 Flexural Tensile Strength for Out-of-plane Bending
5.4.1 Introduction
5.4.2 Test Methods
5.4.3 Failure
5.4.4 Factors Affecting the Tensile Bond Between Masonry Units and Mortar
5.4.5 Factors Affecting the Flexural Tensile Strength of Grout-filled Hollow Masonry
5.4.6 Orthogonal Strength Ratio
5.4.7 Biaxial Strength
5.5 Shear Strength along Mortar Bed Joints
5.5.1 Introduction
5.5.2 Test Methods
5.5.3 Failure Modes
5.5.4 Relationships Between Shear Strength along Bed Joints and Normal Compressive Stress
5.5.5 Interaction of Shear and Tension along Bed Joints
5.5.6 Factors Affecting the Shear Strength Along Mortar Bed Joints
5.5.7 Shear Strengths of Collar Joints and Head Joints
5.6 In-plane Tensile Strength
5.6.1 Introduction
5.6.2 Test Methods
5.6.3 Failure Modes
5.6.4 Factors Affecting In-plane Tensile Strength
5.7 Combined Loading and Biaxial Strength
5.7.1 Introduction
5.7.2 Test Methods
5.7.3 Failure Modes
5.7.4 Factors Affecting Failure Loads under Biaxial Compression-tension Stresses
5.8 Deformation Due to Self-straining Forces
5.9 Examples
5.9.1 Example 5.1: Bearing Plate for Prism Test
5.9.2 Example 5.2: Selection of Masonry Unit and Mortar
5.9.3 Example 5.3: Axial Deformation under Load
5.9.4 Example 5.4: Othrogonal Tensile Strength Ratios for Brick Construction
5.9.5 Example 5.5: Orthogonal Tensile Strength Ratio for Block Construction
5.10 Closure
5.11 References
5.12 Problems
6 Reinforced Beams and Lintels
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Flexural Behavior and Design
6.2.1 Fundamental As
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