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Description: Cement and concrete technologists will find the reference data in this report informative. Yearly average data on chemical and physical characteristics of hydraulic cements produced in the U.S. and Canada in 2004 are summarized and presented. Included are data on portland cements, blended cements, masonry cements, plastic cements, mortar cements and cements meeting ASTM C1157.
This report also compares and contrasts the 2004 data on portland cements with historical data available since 1950. Trends and correlations, or the lack thereof, are identified. In general, portland cements have changed in composition and performance since the 1950s, but in the last 10 years only slight differences in characteristics are noted.
This report presents results of a 2005 survey on characteristics of cements produced in the U.S. and Canada in 2004. In the survey yearly average data was requested on cements manufactured under ASTM C150/AASHTO M 85 (portland cements), ASTM C595/AASHTO M 240 (blended hydraulic cements), ASTM C1157 (hydraulic cements), ASTM C91 (masonry cements), ASTM C1328 (plastic (stucco) cements), and ASTM C1329 (mortar cements). The characteristics of interest include those required to meet the chemical and physical requirements of the respective ASTM/AASHTO specifications.
Out of all 123 cement plants operating in the region, 92 plants responded–a return rate of about 75%– with data on 363 cements. ASTM C150/AASHTO M 85 Type II cement (including 62 Type I/II cements) is the most common portland cement type produced. For ASTM C91 masonry cements, a total of 110 Type S, N, or M cements were reported.
This report also compares and contrasts the 2004 data on portland cements with historical data available since 1950. Trends and correlations, or the lack thereof, are identified. In general, portland cements have changed in composition and performance since the 1950s, but in the last 10 years, only slight differences in characteristics are noted.
The 2004 data on blended and hydraulic cements produced to meet ASTM C595 and ASTM C1157 respectively indicate broadly similar performance to portland cements in strength development and setting times.
A variety of simple analyses of the data is also reported. Relatively high correlation is found between Gillmore and Vicat setting times and Blaine and Wagner finenesses.
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