|
Life Cycle Benefit of Concrete Slab Track
|
Item Code: SN2860
Date of Publication: 2008
Price: $0.00
|
|
This report summarizes the economic benefit of concrete slab track as compared to ballasted tie track when used on railroad track in heavy freight traffic and combined freight and high speed rail service. The benefit analysis is performed using the EcoSlab computer program developed by ZETA-TECH Associates, Inc. for the Portland Cement Association. The EcoSlab economic analysis model provides for the development of an accurate and detailed life cycle cost analysis for the comparison of ballastless concrete slab track with alternate railroad track systems. The user has the ability to vary significant track characteristics, track maintenance frequency and cost, and train operating parameters. The software also allows the user to perform sensitivity analysis of several important variables.
Click for more
|
|
|
|
Analysis and Design of Slab Track Laboratory Specimens
|
Item Code: SN2795a
Date of Publication: 2007
Price: $0.00
|
|
Two full scale 26-ft-long concrete slab track specimens were constructed in the structural laboratory of CTLGroup and subjected to 3 million load cycles from simulated heavily loaded freight cars with 39 ton axle loads. This report describes the structural analysis and design of the direct fixation slab track and independent dual block slab track laboratory specimens and contains a comparison between the analytical and load test results. The report is a valuable reference for freight, high speed, and transit railroad engineers involved in track design.
The laboratory tests on concrete slab track are part of the Cooperative Slab Track Research and Demonstration Program for Shared Freight and High Speed Passenger Service which is cosponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration and the Portland Cement Association. The program was initiated to advance concrete slab track technology and to demonstrate the capability of concrete slab track to provide a low maintenance and safe track structure on track shared by high-speed trains and freight trains in the United States.
Click for more
|
|
|
Clinker Microstructure and Grindability: Updated Literature Review
|
Item Code: SN2967
Date of Publication: 2007
Price: $0.00
|
|
Much of the available literature on the relationship between clinker microstructure and grindability agree that the primary influential factors are alite and belite crystal size and content. Specifically, smaller crystals and more alite (less belite) result in easier to grind clinker. Numerous equations are found in literature to predict clinker grindability based on its microstructure, and although the equations vary somewhat, the relationship to alite and belite content and size previously described are consistent.
On a related topic, some literature was found on clinker microstructure and grindability with the focus on the influence of trace elements, this topic arising likely due to the increased use of alternate raw materials and fuels.
Click for more
|
|
|
Formation and Techniques for Control of Sulfur Dioxide and Other Sulfur Compounds in Portland Cement Kiln Systems
|
Item Code: SN2460
Date of Publication: 2001
Price: $0.00
|
|
This report presents the chemical and physical factors governing the generation of sulfur dioxide (SO2), its transformation into other sulfur compounds, and the removal of sulfur oxides within the cement kiln system. Sulfur in cement kilns is derived from both kiln feed and from the kiln fuel. The form of the sulfur dictates the location in the kiln where the SO2 generation takes place. Sulfur in the fuel is oxidized in the burning zone or calciner, and is easily removed by reactive lime present in the kiln. Kiln feed sulfur may be in the form of elemental sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, sulfides (either simple sulfides or polysulfides, such as pyrites), or sulfates. When present in the form of sulfate, it usually does not form SO2 but rather leaves the kiln system with the clinker. When present in any of the other forms, it may be oxidized to SO2 removal in rotary kilns, inherent SO2. Several control techniques were evaluated including: inherent SO2 removal in rotary kilns, inherent SO2 removal by in-line raw mills, process alterations, dry reagent injection, hot meal injection, spray dryer absorber, and wet SO2 scrubber.
Click for more
|
|
|
Railway Track Research—Theoretical and Experimental
|
Item Code: RD030
Date of Publication: 1975
Price: $0.00
|
|
Presents theoretical approach for determining stresses that result from vertical and lateral bending of track and stresses that act in the vicinity of the contact area between wheel and rail. The influence of thermal and residual stresses on track behavior is discussed and the dynamic deflections and stresses resulting from the action of moving wheels and track irregularities are considered. The occurrence of track failure is analyzed on the basis of failure criteria and fatigue theories. This report is also found on DVD021.
Click for more
|
|
|
|
Slab Track Field Test and Demonstration Program for Shared Freight and High Speed Passenger Service
|
Item Code: SN2988
Date of Publication: 2007
Price: $0.00
|
|
In July 2003, two types of concrete slab track were constructed to Class 9 Track Safety Standards on the High Tonnage Loop at the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing in Pueblo, Colorado. The test section consists of 250 feet of independent dual block track and 250 feet of direct fixation slab track and the test train consists of locomotives and heavy freight cars with 39-ton axle loads. 170 million gross tons accumulated on the test section after three years of testing. During this time, maintenance of the slab track was not required to retain the Class 9 track geometry. This report summarizes the results of the field test which was cosponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration and the Portland Cement Association. The field test is part of the Cooperative Slab Track Research and Demonstration Program for Shared Freight and High Speed Passenger Service. The program was initiated to advance concrete slab track technology and to demonstrate the capability of concrete slab track to provide a low maintenance and safe track structure on track shared by high-speed trains and freight trains in the United States. 188 pages.
Please contact Carmaline Spurrier at cspurrier@cement.org or 847-972-9074 to order a CD of this report.
Other Related Publications:
Bilow, D. and Li, D. September 2005. Concrete Slab Track Test on the High Tonnage Loop at the Transportation Technology Center, Proc. of AREMA Annual Conference. Chicago, IL.
Li, D. and Yoshino, D. February 2003. Review and Evaluation of Track Designs for Joint High-Speed Rail and Heavy Freight Operations., Final Report to Office of Research and Development, Federal Railroad Administration. Transportation Technology Center, Inc., Pueblo, Colorado.
Tayabji, S. D. and Bilow, D. N. 2001. Concrete Slab Track State of the Practice. Transportation Research Record, Journal of The Transportation Research Board, US National Academies, No. 1742, pp. 87-96.
Click for more
|
|
|
Slab Track for 39-Ton Axle Loads, Structural Design
|
Item Code: SN2832
Date of Publication: 2005
Price: $0.00
|
|
Structural design of concrete slab track for heavy axle (39 ton) freight service is presented in this report. The design procedure presented was used to design the slab track test section built in 2003 on the high tonnage loop at the Transportation Technology Center in Pueblo, Colorado. The test, cosponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration and the Portland Cement Association, demonstrates the ability of slab track to withstand heavy axle loads while maintaining FRA Class 9 track safety standards for high-speed rail service. The report can be used by engineers as a guide to the design of concrete slab track and transitions from slab track to ballasted track for freight service, high-speed service, and transit. This report is also found on DVD021.
Click for more
|
|
|
Slab Track Laboratory Test Program
|
Item Code: SN2795
Date of Publication: 2004
Price: $0.00
|
|
A Cooperative Slab Track Research and Demonstration Program for Shared Freight and High Speed Passenger Service research and demonstration program was initiated by the Portland Cement Association (PCA) to advance concrete slab track technology and to demonstrate the capability of slab track to provide a low maintenance and safe track structure on track shared by high-speed and freight trains in the United States. This program includes the development of design methodology, design of the slab track test sections, preparation of a slab track recommended practice design guide, life cycle cost studies, laboratory tests, and field tests. The slab track laboratory test program was designed to test and evaluate two types of slab track. One type using direct fixation fasteners mounted to the top surface of a concrete slab. The second type using concrete blocks with rubber boots and pad embedded in recesses in the top of a concrete slab.
This report only covers the laboratory test program. The two types of slab track, direct fixation slab track (DFST) and independent dual block track (IDBT), were constructed on top of a thick rubber pad to simulate the subgrade. Each type of slab track was subjected to static loads and 3 million cycles of repeated loads which simulated the train load conditions (315,000 pound freight cars) at the Transportation Technology Center High Tonnage Loop. During the test, freight car wheel loads were simulated by the use of hydraulic actuators and applied to the top of rail. Also, endurance and stiffness tests were conducted on the rail fastener system for each type of slab track.
The report describes the slab track specimen tested, the test setup, instrumentation, and test results. Both types of slab track met predicted expectations and performed well during the static and repeated load tests. There was fairly good agreement between the measured behavior of the slab track and the calculated behavior of the slab track from structural analysis of the slab track.
The slab track is now being tested under actual service conditions at the Transportation Technology Center High Tonnage Loop in Pueblo, CO with funds provided by the Federal Railroad Administration. This report is also found on DVD021.
Click for more
|
|
|
|